Average prices are $2 to $5 per square foot depending on the size, color, and type.  Travertine may come from many locations, the most popular of which are Italy, Turkey, and Mexico.  The natural resources of these areas make production cost effective and desirable.  The travertine rock itself is most often found in waterfalls of Rome and outlying areas, but may also be found in the United States in Yellowstone National Park and certain parts of Oklahoma.

In ancient times, Travertine floor tile was often used for walking paths and gardens.    However, if not combined with limestone, the softness of the stone leaves it prone to wear and tear quickly.  Many travertine tiles are highly polished, but if the “unfilled” version of the tile is purchased, it will show small holes throughout.  This is more commonly used in outdoor applications.

As travertine tiles are based on a naturally occurring rock, the most common colors are natural hues.  Gold, granites, browns, and beiges are frequently seen, many times in combination.  Travertine tiles may vary in shade from tile to tile, and a good mix of shades should be expected when installing.  This is mainly due to the impurities in the travertine, limestone, or iron found in the individual tile.  By laying tiles out in their exact location prior to adhering to the floor, the homeowner can more easily determine if the layout is visually appealing.  Home Improvement stores also offer strips of pre-cut and designed travertine tiles to make layout simpler.

Travertine floor tile is an uncommon choice for bathrooms.  It is not very skid resistant, and the moisture content of a bathroom would create a hazard when used as the predominant flooring.  However, using travertine as a paving stone or garden stone is still a popular choice.  The coloring of the tile matches the natural outdoor environment with little need for arrangement.  Travertine is available in glossy, matte, and textured finishes, and the finish type is commonly determined by the application.  Textured surfaces are more common outdoors, while glossy finishes would make a great addition to an entryway.

This ancient stone is still alive and well in the modern world.  In addition to being economically viable, the limestone infused tile is known to be highly durable in dry applications.  The natural colors and textures combined with the unique characteristic of each tile appeal to many homeowners to add an old world charm to their homes.

The tile may not be used exclusively for the floors either.  Wall tiles in the shower and near the sinks are very popular.  Also, some homeowners prefer the look of tiled counters over that of granite or wood options.  By using tile throughout the bathroom it will have a consistent look and be easier to decorate.

While still easy to accomplish, bathroom tile installation can be more challenging than in other rooms of the house.  One of the most important aspects of tile installation is to ensure that tiles are level.  As most bathrooms include many uneven surfaces near the tub, special steps must be taken to accomplish this task.  The first step is to use a level to check the walls are plumb and determine the angle of the tub.  Then, by using special spacers and grouting, the tile should be cut according to the space available.  Starting in the corner is a great way to test a less visible area.  Bullnose tiles will also be applied at the end of installation to give the tile a finished look.

Special grouts are also available for bathroom applications.  They allow for the moisture level that will be present in coming years, and for the installer to apply in extra thickness where appropriate to ensure a level appearance.  For the soap dish or towel rack areas it is also useful to have specialty glues near the tiling. Once the grout is applied, it should be washed off the tiles immediately.  While careful not to dislodge the actual grout, if it is left to sit on the tiles, they will become hazy in appearance and require buffing at a later time.

Due to the complexity of bathroom tile installation, some consumers feel more confident hiring a professional contractor.  A contractor may add an extra 30% or above, but will usually offer a warranty on service.  This peace of mind is often a selling point if a homeowner is considering selling their property.  A contractor may also be useful in determining the right type of tile for usage.  Some tiles area available with a rough surface, which can be useful to ensure against slips and falls.

Slate floor tile is commonly made in Wales, Brazil, China, and India and can have indoor and outdoor applications.  While heartier than most other choices, as it derives from a natural stone, color variations are not unusual.  Slate has also been known for wall covering and roofing purposes, but is made of different composition for these applications.  Although slippery in outdoor environments during rainstorms, indoor slate tile is approved for bathroom usage, and is even considered stain resistant.

Although most often gray in appearance, slate floor tile may also be found readily in black, green, and plum.  Many other visually striking colors can be ordered, but this is usually at a substantially higher price.  The intrinsic color hue differences are preferred by homeowners desiring an artistic and natural statement.  As slate tiles are also highly stain resistant, the homeowner can remain confident the color will not fade in the years to come.  Slate tiles are commonly installed in both repeating and simple patterns.  A repeating pattern of differently sized tiles gives an eclectic feel to a room.

Prices vary from $4 to $27 per square foot depending on the color and design of the tiles.  Many home improvement stores offer cases of multi-colored slate stones in pre-designed strips or blocks.  While more expensive, these special-made designs can be incorporated into areas of the floor that will most frequently be the focal point to provide a custom look.

After installation is complete, slate floor tile should be sealed.  This will protect the stone’s porous surface from damage, and prevent moisture from seeping under the tile.  These sturdy tiles are not prone to easy chemical damage, but the best way to preserve the color of the tiles is to use a basic detergent with no bleaching elements.  For basic cleaning, a mopping with a slightly damp mop will be sufficient, and detergents are needed very infrequently.  Annually it is useful to apply a water based, self polishing wax to the tiles to help ensure an ongoing shine and protection.  The wax must be buffed onto the tiles and should not be used near open flame sources such as fireplaces.

A mid priced tile known for longevity, slate tiles remain common in indoor and outdoor applications.  Ancient in origin and stunning in design it is easy to see why homeowners of all backgrounds select slate to provide ambiance for years to come.

However, installation can be a long process involving many steps.  For this reason, some owners elect to hire a professional installer.  For others, the cost of labor is not economical and do-it-yourself installation is preferred.  The base cost of the tile is $1-$20/square foot; professional installation will add $5-$10/square foot and custom work will also increase the overall cost of installation substantially.

Whether completed by the owner or a professional, certain steps must be taken to ensure a quality job.  First, the base of the floor must be inspected for quality and durability.  It is not uncommon in remodels to need to take additional steps to ready the base concrete, tile, or woodwork.  The existing floor must be securely attached with no cracks or bulges.  Also, any baseboards or molding must be removed from the area to be tiled.

Secondly, tiles must be laid over the base and cut to match the available area exactly.  As tiles frequently break during cutting, it is important to order an extra 10-20% supply.  This will also allow for any repairs at a later date.  Although having the tiles cut accurately and smoothly is extremely important, many tools are readily available to assist the installer.  For mass produced tiles, it is important to verify the tiles match in color and lot number.  Some tiles may vary by up to ¼ inch thickness between lots or vary slightly in shade, and if the tiles are from different lots this will drastically reduce the overall appeal of the completed floor.

The final step in tile flooring installation is to select the grout and cement the tile.  Once the tile is in place, the owner should verify it has been laid straightly and evenly.  If a professional has completed the installation, the owner should walk the entire surface area of the completed floor with the installer to ensure there are no areas of unevenness prior to the floor completely setting.

Old flooring may be removed at any time, but should be included in the cost of a bid when completed by a professional.  The Better Business Bureau is e a good research tool to check the history of an installer before the project begins.  The owner should also verify the tile selected will match the load bearing requirements to which it will be used.  Once complete, a tile floor will provide an attractive sturdy surface for years to come, and it is easy to see why regardless of installation method, tile floors continue to appeal to homeowners.

If you are installing over a concrete slab, you will need to ensure all cracks are filled.  If cracks are still present when the tile is they will be prone to cracking later.  There are a variety of products available for crack suppression, and you will need to work with your local tiling vendor to determine which best matches your needs.  In some instances, you may need to reinstall a new concrete slab prior to installation.  It is also important to note that chemical treatments on the slab will prevent it from bonding properly.  To test if your slab has any treatments, drop a small amount of water on the concrete.  If the water beads, it is likely the slab has been chemically treated.

If you are installing over plywood you will first need to determine the strength of the wood.  As tiling is heavy, the wood must be of a high enough quality and thickness to support the ongoing weight of the floor’s load.  Particleboard and interior grade plywood are not considered appropriate for tile floor installation and must be replaced.  After the strength of the wood has been confirmed it must be smoothed of any texture variations.  The easiest method for this is sanding the floor.  Many sanding options are available, from sandpaper to commercial grade sanders available at your local home improvement store.  Homeowners with existing vinyl floor will need to remove the vinyl floor first and replace any damaged wood base components.

If you have existing tiles you will be installing over, you have two options.  The first is to leave the existing tiles in place and thin set atop them.  You will need to measure the clearance between cabinets and doors to ensure the additional height of the new floor will allow for easy opening and closing.  Then use sand paper as an abrasive agent on the tiles to ensure new tiles bond properly.  The second choice is to remove the existing tiles.  To remove old tiles use a hammer to pry each individual piece away from the base.  Start with the tiles that are protruding the most and work your way back.  This will offer the best “grip” from the hammer for removal.

Home Improvement professionals may be consulting for assistance in determining the best course of action with any base.  In most cases, taking a photo of the concrete, wood, or tile in place to a local home improvement store will be sufficient to allow the staff to advise you.